Viruses - infectious, acellular pathogens, Obligate Intracellular Parasite - they cannot reproduce or express their genes without the help of a living cell, Bacteriophages - viruses that infect bacteria, Vector - an animal that transmits a pathogen from one host to another, Mechanical Transmission - occurs when the arthropod carries a viral pathogen on the outside of its body and transmits it to a new host by physical contact, Biological Transmission - occurs when the arthropod carries the viral pathogen inside its body and transmits it to the new host through biting, Zoonoses - viruses that can be transmitted from an animal host to a human host, Reverse Zoonoses - caused by infection of an animal by a virus that originated in a human, Capsid - protein coat that surrounds the nucleic acid, Capsomeres - the protein subunits that composes the capsid, Helical Capsids - identical capsomeres in rotational symmetry, Isometric Capsids - capsomeres arranged in a hollow quasi-spherical shape, Enveloped Viruses - phospholipid & protein membrane covering over the capsid, Spikes - used for adsorption; causes hemagglutination, Viral Species - a group of viruses sharing the same genetic information and ecological niche (host), Direct Contact - an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread, Indirect Contact - occurs when there is no direct human-to-human contact,

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