rank-size rule - A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement., primate city - The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement., range - The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service., Megacities - cities with more than 10 million people, Favelas - Large slums around Brazilian cities but also a common reference to barrios which are neighborhoods of extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness., Filtering - process of subdivision of houses and occupancy by successive waves of lower-income people, site - The physical character of a place, Greenbelt - A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area., hamlets - smallest of urban settlements with counted population, Infilling - The process by which population density in an urban centre is increased by building on waste land or underused land., situation - the location of a place relative to other places, threshold - The minimum number of people needed to support the service, Suburbanization - A largely residential area adjacent to an urban area., Exurbanization - The movement of households from urban areas to out into rural areas and work remotely., Gravity Model - A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service., Central Place Theory - A theory developed by Walter Christaller that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.,

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