Catabolism - large molecules are broken down into smaller ones, releasing energy, Anabolism - small molecules are assembled into larger ones, using energy, Metabolism - includes both catabolism and anabolism; required for maintaining the cell’s energy balance, Autotroph - based on carbon source; convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon, Heterotrophs - based on carbon source; use fixed organic carbon compounds, Phototrophs - based on energy source; from light, Chemotrophs - based on energy source; from chemical compounds, Organotrophs - based on energy source; organic molecules, Lithotrophs - based on energy source; use inorganic chemicals, Enzymes - biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed, Exergonic Reactions - do not require energy beyond activation energy to proceed, and they release energy, Endergonic Reactions - require energy beyond activation energy, Chemotherapy - the use of drugs to treat a disease, Antimicrobial drug - interfere with the growth of microbes within a host, Selective Toxicity - killing harmful microbes without damaging the host, Paul Ehrlich - discovered a “magic bullet” that would selectively find and destroy pathogens but not harm the host, Actinomycetes - the source of more than half of all natural antibiotics, Compound 606 - an antimicrobial agent that proved to be an effective treatment for syphilis, Selman Waksman - first to show antimicrobial production from soil bacteria, Bactericidal - kill microbes directly, Bacteriostatic - prevent microbes from growing, Intravenous - the fast route of administration, Nikkomycin Z - fungicide used against valley fever or coccidioidomycosis, RNA - cell structure that rifamycin targets, Glycolysis - process that breaks down glucose to produce energy, Chloroplasts - Location of photosynthesis in eukaryotes, Inner Membrane of Mitochondria - Location of ETC in eukaryotes, Plasma Membrane - Location of ETC in prokaryotes,

Warm Up 10/12

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