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होम सुविधाऐं प्राईस प्लान्स
Intracellular Obligate Parasites - Parasites that cannot reproduce or express their genes without the help of a living cell, Mechanical Transmission - transmission that occurs when the arthropod carries a viral pathogen on the outside of its body and transmits it to a new host by physical contact, Biological Transmission - transmission occurs when the arthropod carries the viral pathogen inside its body and transmits it to the new host through biting, Zoonoses - viruses that can be transmitted from an animal host to a human host, Reverse Zoonoses - caused by infection of an animal by a virus that originated in a human, Capsid - the protein shell that encloses the viral genetic material (DNA or RNA), Spikes - structure on the surface of the capsid that helps with adsorption and causes hemagglutination, Lytic CycleL - Reproductive cycle that causes death of the host cell; virulent virus, Lysogenic Cycle - Reproductive cycle that incorporates into the host genome; provirus, Signs - changes in a body that can be measured or observed as a result of disease; objective, Symptoms - changes in the body function that are felt by a patient as a result of disease, Iatrogenic Disease - disease contracted as the result of a medical procedure/treatment, Nosocomial Disease - disease acquired in hospital settings, Bacteremia - bacteria in the blood, Toxemia - presence of toxin in the blood, Viremia - presence of viruses in the blood, Septicemia - bacteria are both present and multiplying in the blood, Shock - a life-threatening decrease in blood pressure that prevents cells and organs from receiving enough oxygen and nutrients, Endotoxins - present inside a bacterial cell and is released when the cell disintegrates, Exotoxins - proteins produced and secreted by bacteria, Incidence - the number of people who develop a disease (new cases) during a particular time period, Prevalence - number of people who develop a disease at a specified time, regardless of when it first appeared, Vehicle Transmission - transmission by an inanimate reservoir, Innate Immunity - immunity that is used as defense against any pathogen; rapid, present at birth; fast response, Adaptive Immunity - immunity or resistance to a specific pathogen; slower to respond, has memory component, Opsonization - promotes attachment of a phagocyte to a microbe; C3b coat the surface of microbe, “flagging” it for phagocytosis, Primary Response - first time the immune system combats a particular foreign substance, Secondary Response - later interactions with the same foreign substance; faster and more effective due to “memory”, Antigens - substances that cause the production of antibodies, Antibodies - interact with epitopes, or antigenic determinants, on the antigen,

BIOL20 Warm Up 11.30

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