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6th mass extinction - A mass extinction event that may be going on right now because species are disappearing at a rate faster than since the last mass extinction (think dinosaurs)., habitat loss - The destruction of natural habitats., habitat fragmentation - Breaking up habitats into smaller pieces, usually as a result of human activities. Populations become separated from one another. CAUSED due to human actions such as agriculture, forestry, mining, construction of roads and urbanization (making an area more suitable for people)., overexploitation of resources - When biodiversity and species are removed faster than they can be put back., invasive species - Species that enter new ecosystems, reproduce and harm native species and their habitats., eutrophication - When certain nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen) are too high in a body of water. Often caused by "runoff " from nearby land., biodiversity - The variety of living things., sustainability - Meeting the needs of the present without hurting the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Finding a BALANCE., overexploitation example - EXAMPLE: Loss of diversity from overfishing and overhunting. Harvesting (or picking) too many of a wild species in an area., eutrophication example - EXAMPLE: Too many nutrients from fertilizers and erosion of soil cause algae to grow. The algae takes in too much oxygen making it difficult for other organisms to survive., invasive species examples - EXAMPLE: Green crabs, brown-tail moth, and oriental bittersweet in Maine. Cane toad in Australia., native species - Species that live in a certain area/ecosystem. Typically it is where they have lived for thousands or millions of years., nonnative species - Species that move into an ecosystem but do not cause any economic, human, or environmental harm., benefits of biodiversity - Benefits include multiple food sources, more genetic variation, health of the ecosystems. More=better.,

Threats to Biodiversity and Sustainability

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