Defender Antivirus: Protects against malware and viruses - Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Security > Virus & threat protection. Under "Virus & threat protection settings," toggle real-time protection on/off (admin rights required). Open Windows Security and select Virus & threat protection > Check for updates under "Protection updates.", Firewall: Controls network traffic and blocks unauthorized access. - Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Security > Firewall & network protection. Enable or disable for specific profiles (domain, private, public). Open Windows Defender Firewall with Advanced Security. Configure inbound and outbound rules for specific ports. Allow or block apps through the firewall in Firewall & network protection > Allow an app through the firewall., Users and Groups: Manage user access and privileges. - Local accounts are specific to one machine; Microsoft accounts sync settings across devices. Standard Account: Limited access to install apps or change settings. Administrator: Full control over the system. Guest User: Temporary access with minimal privileges (usually disabled by default). Power User: Intermediate permissions between standard and administrator (less common in modern Windows)., Login OS: Provides secure access methods - Username and Password: Default login method. PIN: Quicker alternative, tied to the device, not the account. Configure in Settings > Accounts > Sign-in options. Fingerprint: Requires a fingerprint reader . Set up in Settings > Accounts > Sign-in options > Windows Hello Fingerprint. Facial Recognition: Requires a compatible camera. Configure in Settings > Accounts > Sign-in options > Windows Hello Face. Single Sign-On (SSO): Allows one set of credentials to access multiple services. , NTFS vs. Share Permissions:  Controls access to files and folders. - NTFS Permissions: Apply to users locally and over the network. Attributes: Read, Write, Modify, Full Control. Inheritance: Permissions flow from parent folders to subfolders unless explicitly broken. Share Permissions: Apply only to users accessing resources over the network. Permissions: Read, Change, Full Control. Combined with NTFS permissions for the most restrictive effective permissions. , Run as Administrator vs. Standard User:  Differentiates between tasks requiring elevated privileges and standard user operations. - Run as Administrator: Right-click an application and select Run as administrator for elevated access. User Account Control (UAC): Prompts users when elevated privileges are required. Configure in Control Panel > User Accounts > Change User Account Control settings., BitLocker and BitLocker To Go: ncrypts drives to protect data. - BitLocker: For internal drives. Enable in Control Panel > System and Security > BitLocker Drive Encryption. Requires TPM (Trusted Platform Module) or a USB key. BitLocker To Go: For external drives. Enable in the same BitLocker menu and follow prompts to secure the device., Encrypting File System (EFS) Encrypts files and folders for user-specific access. - Enable encryption: Right-click a file or folder, select Properties, click Advanced, and check Encrypt contents to secure data. Decrypt: Follow the same steps and uncheck the encryption box.,

a+1102 2.5 manage and configure basic security settings in the Microsoft Windows OS.

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