sociological perspective - understand human behavior by placing it within its broader social context, society - people who share a culture and a territory, sociology - the scientific study of society and human behavior, social interaction - what people do when they are in one another's presence, value - the standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful or ugly, culture - the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that characterize a group and are passed from one generation to the next, material culture - the material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing, and jewelry, nonmaterial culture - (symbolic culture) a groups ways of thinking (including its beliefs, values, and other assumptions about the world) and doing (its common patterns of behavior, including language and other forms of interaction), culture shock - - the disorientation that people experience when they come into contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumption about life, ethnocentrism - the use of one's own culture as a yard-stick for judging the ways of other individual or societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms, and behaviors, cultural relativism - not judging a culture but trying to understand it on its own terms, symbol - something to which people attach meanings and then use to communicate with others, norms - expectations, or rules of behavior, that reflect and enforce behavior, folkways - norms that are not strictly enforced (which side you walk on), mores - norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values or to the well-being of the group,

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