AT THE NOVICE LEVEL SPEAKERS CAN... communicate ____ messages on highly ____ topics that affect ____ directly. They do so through the use of isolated ____ or ____ that have been encountered, ____ or recalled. Novice-level speakers may be ____ to understand even by the most ____ of interlocuteurs accustomed to ____ speech. At the Novice level, readers can ____ key words and ____, as well as ____ phrases that are highly ____. They can get a ____ amount of information from highly ____ texts in which the topic or context is very ____, such as a hotel bill, a credit card receipt or a weather map. Readers at the Novice level may rely heavily on their own ____ knowledge and ____ support (such as the imagery on the weather map or the format of a credit card bill) to derive meaning. Readers at the Novice level are best able to understand a text when they are able to ____ the information in the text. At the Novice level, listeners can understand key words, true aural ____, and formulaic expressions that are highly contextualized and highly ____, such as those found in introductions and basic courtesies . Novice-level listeners understand ____ and ____ from ____ questions, statements, and ____ commands. They typically require ____, ____ and/or a ____ rate of speech for comprehension. They rely heavily on extralinguistic support to derive meaning. Novice-level listeners are most accurate when they are able to recognize speech that they can anticipate. In this way, these listeners tend to ____ rather than truly comprehend. At the Intermediate level, readers can ____ information conveyed in ____, ____, loosely connected texts. Readers rely heavily on contextual ____. They can most easily understand information if the format of the text is ____, such as in a weather report or a social announcement. Intermediate-level readers are able to understand texts that convey ____ information such as that found in announcements, notices, and online bulletin boards and forums. These texts are ____ and have a predictable ____ of presentation. The discourse is minimally connected and primarily ____ in individual ____ and strings of sentences containing predominantly high-frequency vocabulary. At the Intermediate level, listeners can understand information conveyed in simple, ____ speech on ____ or everyday ____. They are generally able to comprehend ____ while engaged in face-to-face conversations or in ____ listening tasks such as understanding highly ____ messages, straightforward announcements, or simple ____ and ____. Listeners rely heavily on redundancy, restatement, ____, and contextual clues. This speech is simple, minimally ____, and contains ____ vocabulary. At the Intermediate level, speakers can distinguished by their ____ with the language when talking about ____ to their daily life. They are able to ____ learned material to express ____. They can ____ and can handle a answer straightforward ____ situation. They can produce ____ speech on familiar or ____ topics, in present time. Intermediate-level speakers are ____ by interlocutors who are accustomed to dealing with ____ learners of the language. At the Advanced level, readers can understand the ____ and ____ of authentic narrative and descriptive texts. Readers are able to compensate for limitations in their lexical and structural knowledge by using ____. Comprehension is likewise supported by ____ of the language (e.g., noun/adjective agreement, ____ placement, etc.). They have sufficient control of standard linguistic conventions to understand ____, ____ and ____. Advanced-level readers are also able to derive some ____ from straightforward ____ texts. At the Advanced level, listeners can understand the main ideas and most supporting details in ____ on a ____ of general interest ____, such as news stories, explanations, instructions, anecdotes, or travelogue descriptions. Listeners are ____ limitations in their lexical and structural ____ of the language by using ____ and contextual clues. Advanced-level listeners understand speech that is ____ and connected. They demonstrate the ability to comprehend language ____ of general interest. They have sufficient knowledge of language structure to understand ____ references. Speakers at the Advanced level engage in conversation in a clearly ____ manner in order to communicate information on ____ topics, as well as topics of ____, national, or ____ interest. The topics are handled concretely by means of ____ and ____ in the major time frames of past, present, and future. These speakers can also deal with a social situation with an unexpected ____. The language of Advanced-level speakers is ____, the oral ____ being the measure of Advanced-level length and discourse. Advanced-level speakers have sufficient control of basic structures and generic vocabulary to be understood by native speakers of the language, including those ____ to non-native speech. At the Superior level, speakers communicate with ____ and fluency as they participate ____ and effectively in conversations on a variety of concrete and ____ topics in formal and ____ settings. They can discuss their ____ and fields of competence, ____ matters in detail, and provide ____ and coherent ____, all with ease, fluency, and accuracy. They can state and ____ their opinions on issues of interest to them, develop ____, resolve ____ situations, and discuss the implications of ____. Speakers at the Superior level use ____ without lengthy ____ to make their point, even when engaged in abstract discussion. They produce cohesive discourse with clear relationships of ideas and may employ some rhetorical devices, such as simile or metaphor. They use a variety of interactive and discourse strategies, such as turn-taking and separating main ideas from supporting information through the use of syntactic, lexical, and phonetic devices. Speakers at the Superior level demonstrate ____ in the use of basic structures, although they may make sporadic errors in low-frequency structures and in complex high-frequency structures. Such errors, if they do occur, do not distract from or interfere with communication. The Distinguished Level. Speakers at the Distinguished level are able to use language skillfully and with ____, efficiency, and effectiveness. They are articulate users of the language who can discuss a wide range of ____ and ____ in ____ appropriate ways. At the Distinguished level, individuals can advise, ____, and ____, and they can use persuasive and hypothetical discourse to advocate a point of view that is not necessarily their own. They can tailor language to a variety of audiences by adapting their speech and ____ in ways that are culturally ____, and they can participate in or give a formal speech at a conference or ____. Speakers at the Distinguished level produce highly sophisticated and tightly organized ____ discourse. They can speak succinctly, often using ____ and historical references to express meaning without extended ____ or explanation. At this level, oral discourse typically resembles written discourse. Speakers at the Distinguished level use discourse strategies such as rhetorical devices to organize and present their thoughts. They speak ____ and smoothly; while the influence of articulation or intonation patterns from other known languages may be present, it does not ____ with communication.

ACTFL SCALE FOR ORAL PROFICIENCY LEVELS

さんの投稿です
埋め込み

リーダーボード

表示スタイル

オプション

テンプレートを切り替える

自動保存: を復元しますか?