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1) sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the sequence of three nucleotides on an mRNA codon. a) Anticodon b) Ribosome c) Messenger RNA (mRNA) d) Start codon 2) In DNA Adenine pairs with Thymine and Cytosine Pairs with Guanine. In RNA, Uracil pairs with Adenine and Cytosine pairs with Guanine. a) Base pairing rules b) Point mutation (substitution) c) Peptide bond d) Double helix 3) Theory that states that in cells information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins. a) Central dogma b) RNA c) RNA polymerase d) Point mutation (substitution) 4) three nucleotide sequence carried by mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid a) Codon b) Messenger RNA (mRNA) c) RNA d) Anticodon 5) enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides together to produce a DNA molecule; also detects and fixes errors made during replication. a) DNA Polymerase b) RNA polymerase c) Stop codon d) Central dogma 6) spiral shape of DNA a) Base pairing rules b) Protein Synthesis c) Double helix d) RNA polymerase 7) mutation that shifts the "reading frame" of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide. a) Frameshift mutation b) Ribosome c) Messenger RNA (mRNA) d) Double helix 8) type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis (ribosome) a) Double helix b) Messenger RNA (mRNA) c) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) d) Ribosome 9) chemical or physical agents in the environment that interact with DNA and may cause a mutation. a) Nucleotide b) Stop codon c) Mutagen d) Translation 10) an error that occurs during DNA replication. a) Mutation b) Transcription c) Peptide bond d) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 11) subunit or building block made up of a five carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base; building block of DNA, RNA, and ATP a) RNA b) Frameshift mutation c) Mutagen d) Nucleotide 12) bond that holds the amino acids together. a) Anticodon b) Peptide bond c) Ribosome d) Transfer RNA (tRNA) 13) gene mutation in which a single nucleotide base pair in DNA has been changed a) Mutagen b) Base pairing rules c) Point mutation (substitution) d) DNA replication 14) process of making a protein based on information in DNA and carried out by RNA. a) Protein Synthesis b) Base pairing rules c) Frameshift mutation d) Central dogma 15) the process of making identical copies of DNA a) DNA replication b) Central dogma c) Double helix d) Frameshift mutation 16) type of RNA that makes up the ribosome (place where protein synthesis happens) a) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) b) Protein Synthesis c) Anticodon d) Transcription 17) single stranded molecule made up of a nucleotides that contain ribose sugar, phosphate groups, and the nitrogenous bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil. a) RNA b) Point mutation (substitution) c) Transfer RNA (tRNA) d) Start codon 18) enzyme that links together the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription using a DNA strand as a template. a) Transcription b) Mutation c) RNA polymerase d) Anticodon 19) AUG codes for amino acid methionine a) Start codon b) Mutagen c) DNA Polymerase d) Central dogma 20) UAA, UAG, UGA, codons that stop translation and cause the polypeptide to be released. a) DNA Polymerase b) Mutagen c) Central dogma d) Stop codon 21) synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template. a) Double helix b) Transcription c) Transfer RNA (tRNA) d) Anticodon 22) type of RNA that brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome to build a protein. a) Transfer RNA (tRNA) b) Start codon c) Mutagen d) Codon 23) process where information on mRNA is used to make a sequence of amino acids into a protein. a) Protein Synthesis b) Translation c) Nucleotide d) RNA 24) site of translation where a protein is made. a) Codon b) Ribosome c) Double helix d) Point mutation (substitution)

Protein Synthesis Vocabulary

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