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afterbirth - The third stage of birth, when the placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled., blastocyst - A fluid-filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. This is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus., amniotic sac/fluid - a fluid-filled sac that cushions and protects a developing embryo and fetus in the uterus. Surrounds and cushions the fetus and allows the fetus to move freely, Capacitation - change that sperm go through to be able to fertilize the egg - involves secretions from the seminal vesicles and prostate gland, Cleavage - form of mitotic cell division in which the cell divides but the total volume remains unchanged; this process serves to produce smaller and smaller cells, ectoderm - outermost germ layer; produces sense organs, nerves, and outer layer of skin, ectopic pregnancy - pregnancy occurring outside the uterus, commonly in the uterine/fallopian tubes; cannot be carried to term, embryo - the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month, endoderm - innermost germ layer; develops into the linings of the digestive tract and much of the respiratory system, Fertilization - Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell, fetus - the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth, gestation - period from fertilization of the ovum to birth, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, Implantation - process in which a blastocyst attaches itself to the wall of the uterus, lactation - production of milk, meconium - the greenish material that collects in the intestine of a fetus and forms the first stools of a newborn; consists of ingested amniotic fluid, cellular debris, mucus, and bile, mesoderm - middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems, parturition - process of giving birth, placenta - A structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with the mother's blood supply; composed of maternal and fetal tissues, trophoblast - The outer layer of cells that develops in the germinal period. These cells provide nutrition and support for the embryo., umbilical cord - a flexible cordlike structure containing blood vessels attaching the fetus to the placenta during gestation., yolk sac - a specialized structure that leads to the digestive tract of a developing organism and provides it with food during early development, Zygote - the fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo,

Pregnancy & Fetal Development Vocabulary

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