Alleles - One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome., Heredity - The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring., Homozygous - Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes; alleles in a pair are the same, Heterozygous - Having two different alleles at corresponding positions on homologous chromosomes., Recessive - An allele that does not produce a trait if it is masked by a dominant allele., Dominant - An allele that produces a trait when present; can mask a recessive allele., Haploid - Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes., Genotype - The genetic makeup, as distinguished from the physical appearance, of an organism or a group of organisms., Phenotype - The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences., Law of Independent Assortment - Each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random., Gamete - Sex cell, ovum (egg) and sperm, Law of Segregation - Members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and distributed so that every gamete receives only one member of the pair., Monohybrid - Cross between two individuals with different alleles at one genetic locus of interest., Dihybrid - Cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits., Loci - The position of a gene on a chromosome., Codominance - Neither allele is dominant or recessive and both get expressed, Sex linked - Trait carried on the sex chromosome (X or Y)), Incomplete dominance - Form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele.,

Mendelian & Non-Mendelian Vocab

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