Router - Routes traffic between IP subnets, Forwards decisions based on IP address. Layer 3 switch, Switches - Bridging done in hardware, ,ASIC, forwards traffic based on data link address, includes routing functionality, Unmanaged switches  - Plug and play, few config options, no vlans, inexpensive, Managed switches - VLAN support, Traffic prioritization, Redundancy support , external management, Access Point - Extends the wired connection onto wireless, makes decisions based on MAC address, Patch panels - Combo of punch down blocks and RJ-45 connectors, Firewalls - Filters traffic by port number, OSI layer 4, Some can filter based on app, can encypt and proxy, PoE - One wire for power and network, Endspans - Built-in power, Midspans - In-line power , Hub - Multi port repeater, Traffic in one port is repeated, half duplex, 10 /100 megabits, difficult to find, Cable Modem - Broadband, Data on the "cable" network, DOCSIS, SPeeds up to 1Gbits , DSL Modem - Use telephone lines, Download is faster than upload, 10,000 ft max, 52 Mbits down, 16 Mbits upstream, ONT - Connect the ISP fiber network to the copper network , NIC - The fundamental network device that connects device to the network, usually built in to mother board,

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