Dark - Retinal: 11-cis, cGMP levels high - Chemically-gated ion channels open, Na+ entry into rod - depolarization of rod, VG Ca 2+ channels (of rod) open - Release of NT (glutamate), IPSP effect on bipolar cell - hyperpolarization of bipolar cell, No bipolar cell NT release - No excitatory effect on ganglion cell, No AP produced in ganglion cell - Perception: "It's Dark in here",

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