Political - Indicate state and national boundaries and capital and major cities. A capital city is usually marked with a star within a circle. An example: A map of the United States., Physical - Illustrated the landscape features of an area, such as the mountains, rivers and lakes. The water is usually shown in blue. Colors are used to show relief - differences in land elevations , Topographic - Uses lines to show the shape and elevation of an area. Lines that are close together indicate steep terrain, and lines that are far apart indicate flat terrain. Also called a contour map. , Climate - Provides general information about the climate and precipitation (rain and snow) of a region. , Road Map - Shows major and minor highways, roads, airports, railroad tracks, cities and other points of interest in an area. Commonly used to plan trips and for driving directions. , Thematic - Designed to show a particular theme connected with a specific geographic area. These maps can show a variety of aspects of a region. An example: Population Map of Africa  , Equator - An imaginary line on the earth's surface running horizontally at 0 degrees latitude. It divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres. , Prime Meridian - An imaginary line on the earth's surface running vertically at 0 degrees longitude. It divides the earth into the western and eastern hemispheres. It runs through Greenwich England and serves as base of all time zones (Greenwich Mean Time)., Longitude & Latitude - Measure angular distance on the earth's surface and expressed in either degrees or by some corresponding difference in time. Latitude is often called "parallel because it runs parallel to the equator. Longitude measurements are called meridians.  , Tropics of Cancer & Capricorn - Imaginary parallels on the earth's surface that run 23.5 degrees north and south of the equator. The area in between these two points is know as the Tropics. This area experiences no dramatic change in season because the sun is consistently high in the sky throughout the year. , Arctic and Antarctic Circles - Imaginary parallels on the earth's surface that run 66.34 degrees north and south of the equator. The area between these two points is known as the polar zone. This area are cold and dry with long dark winters. ,

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