1) What are the two main causes of weathering and erosion? a) water and wind b) water and sunlight c) people and animals d) technology and sunlight 2) Which statement describes how deposition builds up the surface of a floodplain? a) Lava flows from a volcano and piles up b) Rainwater seeps into the ground and freezes c) a river flows over its banks and slows down d) a river slows down as it flows into the ocean 3) The leaders of a coastal town want to slow the erosion of a nearby beach. Which technology should they research? a) dam b) levees c) storm drains d) groin 4) A scientist studies volcanic eruption. Which observation is the BEST evidence to support the argument that volcanic eruptions are constructive processes? a) Hot gasses escape from volcanoes b) lava flows out of volcanoes and piles up c) Plants and animals die during volcanic eruptions d) The top of a volcano blows off during an eruption 5) A state builds a dam across a river. How will the dam MOST LIKELY affect the region? a) It will prevent flooding by blocking high waves b) It will rebuild an eroded floodplain by trapping sediment c) it will prevent flooding by controlling the flow of the river d) it will reduce erosion by providing a place for storm drains to drain into 6) Which landforms may form as a result of volcanic eruptions? a) cliffs b) deltas c) mountains d) flood plains 7) Scientists place several seismographs along a mountain chain. Which question will the scientists MOST LIKELY answer with information they collected from the seismographs? a) Where do faults occur? b) How tall are the mountains? c) How can earthquakes be prevented? d) Which parts of the mountains are formed by volcanic eruptions? 8) A glacier melts. Which landform will MOST LIKELY form where the glacier was? a) dune b) delta c) moraine d) mountain 9) Deposition is a process that a) breaks down rock b) builds up mountains c) drops rock particles in a new place d) moves rock particles to new places 10) when a glacier moves boulders over the land, this is an example of a) erosion b) eruption c) weathering d) ice wedging 11) Which is one way that earthquakes change landforms? a) They release ash and melted rock b) They scrape away rocks on the earth's surface c) They cause cracks to form in earth's surface d) They pick up weathered rock particles and move them 12) How are dams and levees alike? a) Both control floods b) Both control weathering c) Both are natural barriers d) both prevent coastal erosion 13) how do storm drains help prevent flooding? a) They act like levees b) They move storm water to dams c) They block storm water from streets d) They allow storm water to flow into nearby waterways 14) A seismologist is a scientist that studies a) floods b) storms c) ocean life d) earthquakes 15) How can a town stop beach erosion without causing erosion in other places? a) build groins on the beach b) plant plants on beach dunes c) build seawalls along the shore d) remove buildings on the beach 16) Which landform provides evidence that a destructive process changed Earth's surface? a) volcanic island b) delta c) floodplain d) river canyon 17) Where are you most likely to encounter levees? a) across rivers b) in cities and towns c) along the banks of rivers d) at right angles to beaches 18) Which landforms are created by winds? a) dune b) delta c) moraine d) floodplain 19) Coastal erosion is reducing the size of a town's beach. Town leaders want to understand how to use technology to control the erosion. Which question should the leader ask? a) How do dams trap sand? b) How do groins trap sand? c) How can storm drains reduce flooding? d) How can weather records be used to map floodplains? 20) What is weathering? a) the breaking down of rock at or near the earth's surface b) the carrying away of sediment from one location to another c) when sediment is dropped in a different location d) eruptions of volcanoes 21) The Hawaiian Islands were built by a) flooding b) weathering and erosion c) volcanoes d) faults 22) What causes water to flow downhill? a) the slope of the hill b) gravity c) weathering d) erosion 23) cracks in earth's surface a) floodplains b) faults c) seismic waves d) flooding 24) How are earthquakes and volcanoes alike? a) they are both only destructive processes b) the are both destructive and constructive processes c) they are both only constructive processes 25) Which model best represents how deposition can change the depth of a lake? a) fill a beaker with sand and water, slowly allow the water to evaporate, then measure the depth b) Fill a plastic box with water, put a hose in the center of the box and blast it on high to watch the sand run away c) fill a plastic box with water and sand. put a hose in one side of the box and let it slowly trickle until all the sand washes away d) fill a beaker with water, slowly drop sand and dead plant material in to the beaker and watch it settle to the bottom of the container 26) Which model represents deposition? a) student fills a pot with ice, heats it on the stove, and then the ice melts into water b) a student places soil at the top of a slide, then pours water onto the soil and the soil flows down the slide c) a student shakes a jar with sand and water and then sets it on the table to let the sand settle to the bottom d) a student freezes a bottle of water, the water expands and breaks the bottle

Earth Science Challenge

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