X-Linked Inheritance Disorders - Associated with altered genes present on the X chromosome. If a male inherits the X-linked altered gene, he will express the condition. This is because a male only has one X chromosome., Autosomal Dominant Inherited Disorders - When a single gene in the heterozygous is capable of producing the phenotype. The abnormal gene overshadows the normal gene and the person will demonstrate signs and symptoms of the disorder. Generally one parent has the gene., Autosomal Recessive Inherited Disorders - Occur when two copies of the mutant or abnormal gene in the homozygous state are necessary to produce the phenotype. Two abnormal genes are needed for the individual to demonstrate symptoms of the disorder. Both parents of the affected person must be heterozygous carriers of the gene, Autosomal Recessive Examples - Cystic Fibrosis, phenylketonuria, Tay-Sachs Disease, Sickle Cell Disease, Cystic Fibrosis - Genetic disorder involving gene dysfunction of the exocrine glands, Phenylketonuria - Disorder involving deficiency of the liver enzyme that leads to inability to process the essential amino acid phenylalanine, Tay-Sachs Disease - Disorder due to insufficient activity of the enzyme hexosaminidase, which is necessary for the breakdown of certain fatty substances in the brain and nerve cells, Sickle Cell Disease - A genetic disorder in which the RBC carry an ineffective type of hemoglobin instead of the normal adult hemoglobin., Unifactorial Inheritance - Inheritance of phenotypic characteristics controlled by a single gene, Multifactorial Inheritance - Inheritance of a phenotypic characteristics resulting from two or more genes on different chromosomes acting together, Klinefelter Syndrome - A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome making them XXY instead of XY, Turner Syndrome - A chromosomal disorder in females which either an X chromosome is missing making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted, Trisomy - 3 copies of a chromosome, most common is Down's Syndrome. Also Trisomy 18 (Edward Syndrome) and Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome),

Autosomal & Inheritence Disorders

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