1) The biosphere is the Earth's system that includes all living things. a) True b) False 2) The geosphere of the Earth includes volcanoes. a) True b) False 3) Clouds and air are included in the atmosphere. a) True b) False 4) The hydrosphere includes the rock cycle a) True b) False 5) When scientists study the biosphere, they study earthquakes. a) True b) False 6) Lakes are included in the Earth's hydrosphere. a) True b) False 7) The Earth's crust, mantle, and core are part of Earth's biosphere a) True b) False 8) The atmosphere impacts the Earth's climate. a) True b) False 9) Fungi and bacteria are included in the Earth's biosphere. a) True b) False 10) The process in the water cycle where water vapor rises into the atmosphere. a) Condensation b) evaporation c) runoff d) collection 11) What is the process called where rocks are worn away naturally? a) Erosion b) Tectonic plating c) Weathering d) lightning 12) Which of the following does soil contain? a) Clay b) Humus c) Rock d) All of the above 13) What is the process in which materials are eroded by weather and ice and are dropped in a new place? a) Erosion b) Deposition c) Weathering d) Flooding 14) The pattern of weather of many years a) Climate b) Weather c) Humidity d) Temperature 15) What can change Earth's surface? a) Weathering b) Erosion c) Earthquake d) All of the above 16) Coal, oil, and natural gas are _______. We will eventually run out of all of these. a) nonrenewable b) renewable c) solar energy d) pollutants 17) Which is the greatest source of fresh water? a) lakes b) rivers c) groundwater d) glaciers/ice 18) What is the process in which gas becomes a liquid? a) condensation b) evaporation c) liquidation d) melting 19) What does the Greek root "bio-" mean? a) life b) air c) land d) water 20) Which is NOT one of Earth's main systems? a) biosphere b) geosphere c) hydrosphere d) magnetosphere 21) Ocean waves formed a tunnel at the base of a sea cliff. Which of the following was most important in changing the base of the cliff? a) deposition b) weather c) erosion and deposition d) weathering and erosion 22) Weather can change Earth's surface. a) True b) False 23) Landforms, such as mountains and valleys, do not affect the weather. a) True b) False 24) Oceans influence climate. a) True b) False 25) Which material best represents the geosphere? a) an animal b) a glass of water c) a balloon full of air d) a rock 26) Earth is often called "The Blue Planet." Which statement best explains that description? a) Most of the surface of Earth is covered by water. b) Most of the living things on Earth need water to survive. c) Earth is the only object in our solar system that has water. d) Water can exist on or at Earth's surface as a solid, a liquid, or a gas. 27) In which of the following reservoirs is most of Earth's fresh water located? a) ice caps and glaciers b) oceans c) groundwater d) lakes, rivers, and streams 28) A very small amount of Earth's water is in the atmosphere. Yet this water is very important. What is an important role of water in the atmosphere? a) It cools down ocean currents. b) It blocks harmful rays from the sun. c) It forms clouds that release precipitation. d) It creates wind that changes Earth's landforms. 29) Which is not a function of Earth's largest reservoir of water? a) moderates temperatures b) is recycled as a precipitation c) provides habitat for many living things d) provides drinking water for most people 30) Where is the rain shadow? a) on the side of the mountain b) near the top of the mountain c) on the far side of the mountain d) on both sides of the mountain 31) A scientist wants to study organisms that attract their prey with glowing lures on their heads. In which ecosystem should the scientist look? a) deep ocean b) open ocean c) coral reef d) rocky shore 32) Which systems interact to cause monsoons in Southeast Asia? a) the biosphere and the geosphere b) the atmosphere and the biosphere c) the biosphere, the atmosphere, and the hydrosphere d) the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the geosphere 33) Most of Earth's surface is covered with water. But in many places there is not enough water for people to drink. Why is this true? a) Most people live far from sources of water. b) Most water is frozen or found underground. c) Only a small amount of Earth's water is fresh, drinkable water. d) People are using water faster than it can be replaced by natural processes. 34) Which of these is not a part of Southeast Asia's summer monsoon? a) Heavy rains fall for much of the season. b) Strong winds blow from the ocean toward the land. c) Crops receive much of the water they need to grow. d) Strong winds blow from the land toward the ocean. 35) Human activities can cause the population of algae in lakes to increase. what can be done to reduce this problem? a) Build fewer dams b) Use fewer fossil fuels c) Use less fertilizers on crops d) Pick up trash along the shores of lakes. 36) Green County has a problem. Its citizens are producing too much trash. What is one way that citizens can help the county reduce the amount of trash? a) Drink bottled water. b) Read magazines online instead of in print. c) Use plastic bottles instead of glass bottles. d) Use paper bags instead of plastic bags at the market. 37) The people who live near a forest want to protect the forest ecosystem. Which activity would help preserve the forest? a) supporting deforestation of nearby lands b) planting invasive species in yeards and parks c) building houses where animals make their homes d) planting native trees to replace trees that are cut down 38) Kevin is making a poster about renewable resources. Which of the following should he include? a) an oil drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico b) a person filling up a car with gasoline at a gas station c) a long train made up of dozens of cars loaded with coal d) hundreds of mirrors in the desert reflecting solar energy onto a tower 39) Ian is researching energy sources that are continually replaced and will not run out. Which topic should he choose to research? a) how coal-fired power plants operate b) how solar cells can produce electricity for your home c) how some cities are changing their buses to operate on natural gas d) why homeowners should replace old gas furnaces with more efficient gas furnaces 40) What causes smog? a) People burn fuels such as wood and charcoal to heat their homes. b) Hydroelectric power plants release chemicals and carbon dioxide. c) Wind carries soil particles into the air, which block light from the sun. d) Chemicals released by the burning of fossil fuels in cars, trucks, and buses react with sunlight.

Unit 3: Earth Science

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