Alkali Metals: first column on table, only have one valance electron, soft metallic solids, usually oxidized on the outside but shiny inside, +1 ion charge; good conductors of heat and electricity, Low density and relatively low melting points, examples are: Li, Na, K , Alkaline earth metals: two valence electrons, +2 charge/more dense than alkali metals, higher melting points than alkali metals, better conductors than alkali metals, Examples are: Mg, Ca, Ba, Transition metals: number of valence electrons vary, multiple charges exist, very good conductors, often used in electronic wires, lustrous, dense with high melting points, examples: Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Gold and Silver are examples, Mercury is the only liquid at room temp, Halogens: seven electrons in outer shell, very reactive nonmetals, melting & boiling points increase as you go down , most reactive element present; F, Located in column 17 or VIIA, examples: Cl, Br, I, -1 charge, Noble gases: 8 valence electrons, rarely react; inert, common examples: Ne, Kr, Ar, Rn, All the elements are gases,

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