producer - autotroph; makes own food by photosynthesis (and some bacteria by chemisynthesis); the start of the food chain and base of most ecological pyramids, consumer - heterotroph; gets energy (10%) by eating food; primary consumers eat producers (herbivores), secondary consumers eat primary consumers, etc., biotic - living parts of the ecosystem (bacteria/archaea, protists, fungi, plants and animals) or once living parts of ecosystem (like rotting log or animal scat), carbon cycle - movment of carbon from atmosphere into organisms (by photosynthesis) and release back into atmosphere (by repiration and buring fossil fuels); affected by deforestation and increased use of fossil fuels which results in climate change, transpriation - evaporation part of water cycle; (water moves into root by osmosis and travels up xylem in stem and evaporates through stomata in leaves), symbiosis - mutualism (two organisms benefit each other), parsitism (one organism hurts another) and commensalism (one organism is not affected) by interacting in habitat, exponential growth - rapid growth without limiting factors, limiting factor - something that reduces population growth (size of habitat, disease, amount of food/water, etc), competition - when two species use the same resource; reduced when organisms each have niche, habitat destruction - human action (along with climate change) that drives extinction of speices,

Ecology

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