1 ____ teaches students how to discern the most important ideas in a text, how to ignore irrelevant information, and how to integrate the central ideas in a meaningful way. 2 Seeking and using ____ in order to guess the meaning of what is heard or read in the target language, in the absence of complete knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, or other target language elements. They can be morphological cues, word order or semantic knowledge about the relations between objects in a sentence. 3 ____ helps students focus on the most important information in a passage and to improve their recall of main ideas and specific facts. Students read short passages of materials, identify the main idea and details, and rephrase it using their own words. 4 A turn is the time when a speaker is talking and ____ is the skill of knowing when to start and finish a turn in a conversation. It is an important organisational tool in spoken discourse. 5 ____ is the skill of finding the similarities and differences between two or more items, people, or concepts. This is an important skill for students as they progress in their understanding and use of language. 6 When listening, it is also possible to get the ‘whole picture’ but with one crucial difference: information comes in a sequence. And in that sequence of information, there are content words (the nouns, adjectives and verbs) that can help you form that picture. We often call this ____ . 7 When ____, you are interested in a specific kind of information – perhaps a number, name or object. You can ignore anything that does not sound relevant. In this way, you are able to narrow down your search and get the detail you need

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