Signal: hormone, yeast mating factor, testosterone, estrogen, epinephrine, local regulators, ligand, neurotransmitters, Reception: ligand-gated ion channel receptor, G protein-coupled receptor, receptor tyrosine-kinase, Transduction: protein kinase, a multi-step process, amplification, cascades, protein phosphorylation, protein phosphatase, cAMP second messengers, Response: adjust gene expression, apoptosis, transcription of DNA, cell division, embryonic development, cancer,

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