survey - collects data from subjects who respond to a series of questions about behaviors and opinions, often in the form of a questionnaire or an interview., participant observation - researchers join people and participate in a group’s routine activities for the purpose of observing them within that context. This, case study - an in-depth analysis of a single event, situation, or individual., experiment - they investigate relationships to test a hypothesis—a scientific approach., content analysis - involves analyzing qualitative data such as text to determine the presence of certain words, themes, or concepts, historical analysis - involves studying historical documents and records to understand past events and their impact on society, bias - tendency or prejudice towards a particular perspective, idea, or outcome, which may affect judgment or decision-making, field research - refers to gathering primary data from a natural environment., qualitative analysis - conveyed through words., quantitative analysis - data in numerical form that can be counted and statistically analyzed., random sample - every person in a population has the same chance of being chosen for the study., interview - a one-on-one conversation between the researcher and the subject,, Hawthorne effect - occurs when people change their behavior because they know they are being watched as part of a study., secondary data analysis - does not result from firsthand research collected from primary sources, but are the already completed work of other researchers or data collected by an agency or organization., Ethnography - involves immersing oneself in a particular social group or culture,

Sociology Research Methods

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