energy - required for all cellular functions growing, developing, reproducing new cells, responding to the environment, and adapting, chloroplast - found only in plants cells that undergo photosynthesis, photosynthesis - solar energy is transformed into glucose/sugar, autotrophic organisms/ producers - transform solar energy into glucose, heterotrophs/ consumers - CANNOT transform solar energy into chemical energy; eat other organisms to get energy, mitochondrion/ mitochondria - transforms glucose into useable energy during cellular respiration, Law of Conservation of Mass - mass is NEVER created NOR destroyed; mass can only be rearranged; total mass NEVER changes, reactant - substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction, product - the end result of the reaction and are written on the right-hand side of the equation, coefficients - used to balance a chemical equation in order to follow the law of conservation of mass, subscripts - identify how many atoms of each element are present; small number following an element; changing the subscript changes the element or compound, enzymes - are proteins that are catalysts; enzyme attaches to a substrate it lowers the energy required to begin the chemical reaction, catalysts - make biochemical reactions happen faster than they would otherwise, substrates - a molecule that an enzyme reacts with; enzyme attaches to a substrate it lowers the energy required to begin the chemical reaction, cellular respiration - transforms glucose into useable energy,

Utilizing Energy & Enzymes

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