computing device - a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors, computer system - a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose, computer network - a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data., path - the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver., bandwidth - the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second., protocol - An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system, IP address - The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet., internet protocol - a protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device, redundancy - the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network., fault tolerant - Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups., HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet, internet - a computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols., packet - A chunk of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all., packet metadata - Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message., routing - the process of finding a path from sender to receiver., UDP - A protocol used on the internet for fast transmission of information but with minimal error checking, world wide web - a system of linked pages, programs, and files., router - A type of computer that forwards data across a network, certificate authority - issue digital certificates that validate the ownership of encryption keys used in secure communications and are based on a trust model ., digital divide - differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics,

Unit 2 The Internet

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