1) What is the primary function of the immune system? a) To break down nutrients for digestion b) To protect the body from disease and infection c) To regulate hormones d) To provide structural support 2) What is the term for a healthy body cell recognized as part of the body? a) Pathogen b) Non-self cell c) Self cell d) Cytokine 3) What are foreign invaders called that may cause disease? a) Self cells b) Cytokines c) Pathogens d) Antibodies 4) Which of the following produces signals for communication between immune cells? a) Antigens b) Cytokines c) MHC markers d) T cells 5) What type of immunity is present from birth and does not require prior exposure? a) Innate immunity b) Adaptive immunity c) Humoral immunity d) Cellular immunity 6) Which barrier prevents pathogens from entering the body? a) Cytokines b) Skin c) Antigens d) Antibodies 7) Which mechanism flushes out pathogens from the urinary system? a) Vomiting b) Diarrhea c) Urination d) Peristalsis 8) Which of the following is an example of an innate immune defense cell? a) T cells b) Myeloid leukocytes c) Antibodies d) MHC markers 9) Adaptive immunity develops over time based on: a) Basic physiology b) Exposure to pathogens c) Chemical barriers d) Genetic inheritance 10) What is the first step in an adaptive immune response? a) Activation of innate defenses b) Recognition of antigens c) Neutralization of antibodies d) Elimination of self cells 11) What are the two types of adaptive immune responses? a) Humoral and innate b) Innate and cellular c) Humoral and cellular d) Cytokine and antigen-mediated 12) Where does the humoral immune response occur? a) Within infected cells b) In bodily fluids c) In the bone marrow d) In the lymph nodes 13) What is the primary function of antibodies? a) To produce T cells b) To bind to antigens and neutralize pathogens c) To increase cytokine production d) To create new pathogens 14) What term describes antibodies clumping antigens together for easier destruction? a) Neutralization b) Agglutination c) Opsonization d) Cytokine signaling 15) What type of immune cell is involved in cellular immunity? a) Antibodies b) T cells c) Myeloid leukocytes d) MHC markers 16) What type of immune cell is involved in cellular immunity? a) Cytokines b) Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) c) Natural killer cells d) Mast cells 17) What is the main target of cellular immunity? a) Bodily fluids b) Infected or cancerous body cells c) External pathogens d) Skin and mucous membranes 18) What is the function of lymph nodes? a) To pump blood through the body b) To filter lymph and trap pathogens c) To produce hormones d) To store red blood cells 19) What does lymph primarily contain? a) Hormones and antigens b) Red blood cells and antibodies c) White blood cells and cellular waste d) Bone marrow and thymus cells 20) What structure returns lymph to the circulatory system? a) Lymph nodes b) Lymphatic capillaries c) Subclavian veins d) Spleen 21) Which organ is responsible for T cell maturation? a) Bone marrow b) Thymus c) Spleen d) Tonsils 22) Where is red bone marrow located? a) In lymph nodes b) In the thymus c) In spongy bone d) In the spleen 23) What is the main function of the spleen? a) To filter lymph b) To store hormones c) To filter blood and remove pathogens d) To produce T cells 24) What type of lymphatic tissue is located in the small intestine? a) Tonsils b) Peyer’s patches c) Red bone marrow d) Thymus 25) What mechanism expels pathogens through coughing and sneezing? a) Physical barriers b) Defense mechanisms c) Adaptive immunity d) Antigen signaling 26) What is the function of MHC I markers? a) To attack pathogens directly b) To identify self cells to immune cells c) To produce antibodies d) To present antigens to T cells 27) Which of the following is a cytokine function? a) Presenting antigens b) Stimulating or inhibiting immune responses c) Clumping antigens together d) Destroying infected cells 28) What is a pathogen? a) A healthy body cell b) A chemical barrier c) A foreign invader causing disease d) A signaling molecule 29) What happens if innate immunity fails to eliminate a pathogen? a) The body relies on physical barriers b) Adaptive immunity is activated c) The immune system shuts down d) Cytokines stop signaling 30) Which of the following are considered physical and chemical barriers? a) Skin, tears, mucous membranes b) T cells and B cells c) Lymph nodes and spleen d) Peristalsis and cytokines

Chapter 25: Immune & Lymphatic Practice Test

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