homozygous - when the alleles for a trait are the SAME size letters. Ex) HH, AA, bb, cc, heterozygous - when the alleles for a trait are DIFFERENT sized letters. Ex) Hh, Aa, Bb, Cc, genotype - the actual genes present; we use letters to show this. Ex) Bb, BB, bb, phenotype - the actual physical traits present. Ex) brown hair, blue eyes, freckles, dominant - an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different, recessive - an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical, can be masked by a dominant allelepresent, punnett square - the boxes used to predict the offspring's genotypes, gene - a section of DNA that determines a physical characteristic, allele - one version of a gene, trait - a genetically determined characteristic,

Genetics Vocabulary

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