1) How do hormones travel around the body? a) In the blood b) In oxygen c) In carbon dioxide 2) Name the process where cells divide. a) Mitosis b) Cell Division c) Meiosis d) Replication 3) What are stem cells? a) Specialised cells b) Unspecialised cells 4) What is the function of the cerebrum? a) Controls heart rate, breathing rate b) Controls balance and co-ordination c) Controls memory, thoughts and personality 5) What is the function of the cerebellum? a) Controls heart rate, breathing rate b) Controls balance and co-ordination c) Controls memory, thoughts and personality 6) What is the function of the medulla? a) Controls heart rate, breathing rate b) Controls balance and co-ordination c) Controls memory, thoughts and personality 7) Describe the first stage of a reflex arc. a) Sense organ detects stimuli b) Sense organ containing receptors detects stimuli c) You see, hear feel something 8) Name the vessel which carries blood from the body into the heart. a) Vein b) Artery c) Capillary d) Vena Cava e) Aorta 9) Name the vessel which carries blood from the lungs into the heart. a) Vein b) Artery c) Pulmonary Artery d) Vena Cava e) Aorta f) Pulmonary Vein 10) Name the vessel which carries blood from heart to the body? a) Vein b) Artery c) Pulmonary Artery d) Vena Cava e) Aorta f) Pulmonary Vein 11) Name the vessel which carries blood from heart to the lungs? a) Vein b) Artery c) Pulmonary Artery d) Vena Cava e) Aorta f) Pulmonary Vein 12) Describe stage 1 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 13) Describe stage 2 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 14) Describe stage 3 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 15) Describe stage 4 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 16) Describe stage 5 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 17) Describe stage 6 of mitosis. a) Chromosomes replicate to become visible. b) Chromatids line up at the equator c) Spindle fibres pull chromatids to opposite poles d) Two new nuclei are formed e) Cytoplasm Divides f) 2 Daughter cells are produced 18) What processes are stem cells involved in? a) Growth b) Repair c) Growth & Repair 19) State the hormone the pancreas releases in response to a decrease in blood glucose levels. a) Glucagon b) Insulin 20) Name the female gamete in animals. a) Egg b) Ovary c) Sperm d) Testes 21) Are zygotes haploid or diploid? a) Diploid b) Haploid 22) What is continuous variation? a) A characteristic that can be put into distinct groups. b) A characteristic that can has a range of values with a minimum and a maximum. 23) What is discrete variation? a) A characteristic that can be put into distinct groups. b) A characteristic that can has a range of values with a minimum and a maximum. 24) If a parent cell has 24 chromosomes how many chromosomes will one daughter cell have? a) 12 b) 24 c) 48 25) Describe the hierarchy that exists in multicellular organisms. a) Cells>organ>system b) tissue>cells>organ system c) Cells>tissue>organ>system 26) What does haploid mean? a) 2 sets of chromosomes (46) b) 1 set of chromosomes (23) 27) What is the function of the effectors? a) They detect the stimuli in the receptors b) Effectors illicit a response in the muscle. 28) Name the parts of the brain. a) Cerebrum & Medulla b) Cerebrum, Cerebellum & Medulla c) Cortex, Cerebellum & Medulla 29) What is the function of the sensory neuron? a) To send a signal from the motor neuron to the inter neuron b) To send a signal from the receptor in the sense organ to the inter neuron c) To send a signal from the inter neuron to the motor neuron 30) If an animal had a diploid number of 32, how many chromosomes would be present in each sperm cell? a) 32 b) 16 c) 64 31) What is the function of the inter neuron? a) To send a signal/message from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron b) To send a signal/message from the motor neuron to the sensory neuron c) To send a signal to the effector for a response 32) Explain why hormones only have an effect on their target tissues and not others. a) They fit like a lock and key b) Target tissues have receptors which are complementary to the hormone c) they are specific to each other 33) Name the two hormones released by the pancreas. a) Glycogen & Glucagon b) Insulin & glycogen c) Insulin & Glucagon 34) Where in the body are the inter neurons found? a) Nervous system b) CNS c) Brain 35) Which term is used to describe two different alleles of a genotype i.e. Aa or Bb? a) Heterozygous  b) Homozygous 36) What does insulin stimulate the liver to do? a) convert glycogen to glucose b) Convert glucose to glycogen 37) Put the following reflex pathway in to the correct order - motor neuron, muscle, inter neuron in the spinal cord, receptor in the sense organ, sensory neuron a) Receptor, Sensory, Inter, Motor, Muscle b) Inter, Receptor, Sensory, Motor, Muscle c) Sensory, Receptor, Inter, Motor, Muscle 38) What is the name of the storage carbohydrate found in the liver? a) Glycogen b) Glucagon c) Insulin 39) Name the organ which produces the male gamete in plants. a) Anther b) Ovule 40) Explain the response of the body to a decrease in blood glucose levels a) Pancreases detects change, Glucagon released to convert glycogen to glucose. b) Liver detects change, glycogen released. c) Pancreases detects change, Insulin released to convert glycogen to glucose 41) Name the structures found on the surface of target tissues which hormones bind to (these ensure that only that specific tissue will be affected by these hormones) a) Active site b) Receptors 42) Why would a cell be described as haploid? a) 2 set of chromosomes (gametes) b) 1 set of chromosomes (gametes) 43) What is the function of the motor neuron? a) To carry a signal from the sensory neuron to the effector. b) To carry a signal from the Inter neuron to the effector. 44) Are pollen cells haploid or diploid? a) Haploid b) Diploid 45) Name the male gamete in animals. a) Egg b) Sperm c) Testes 46) Name the male gamete in plants. a) Sperm b) Pollen c) Ovule 47) Name the gaps found between neurons. a) Synapse b) Junction c) Gap 48) Name the organ which produces the female gamete in animals. a) Ovary b) Testes 49) What does diploid mean? a) 2 sets of chromosomes b) 1 set of chromosomes 50) Name the organ which produces the female gamete in plants. a) Ovary b) Ovule 51) What is transpiration? a) How quickly the plant can evaporate water b) Process of water moving through a plant and evaporating through the stomata. 52) Name the two main parts of the nervous system a) Brain & Spinal Cord b) CNS & Nerves 53) Explain what happens during fertilisation. a) Fusion of two haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote b) Sperm & Egg coming together c) Fusion of two haploid gametes to produce a haploid zygote 54) How do messages get transferred between neurons? a) Chemicals b) Hormones c) Signals d) Electrical Implulse 55) Give two examples of continuous variation. a) Hand Span & Height b) Eye colour & blood type 56) Which structure is found in the small intestine which absorbs nutrients from food? a) Villi b) Alveoli 57) Give two examples of discrete variation. a) Eye colour & Blood type b) Height & Hand span 58) Give the definition of an allele. a) The different form of the same gene. b) Different genes c) Different genes acting together 59) Name the three generations in a monohybrid cross a) Parent, First & Second b) Parent, Offspring and Cousins c) Parent, F1, F2 d) P, F1 & F2 60) Which term is used to describe the two alleles being the same for a genotype i.e. AA or aa? a) Homozygous b) Heterozygous 61) Which term is used to describe the physical appearance expressed by an organism due to their genotype? a) Phenotype b) Genotype 62) Why do tissues contain capillary networks? a) efficient exchange of materials b) Valves to prevent backflow c) Thick walled 63) What do genes code for? a) Proteins b) Enzymes c) Hormones d) Antibodies 64) Name the vessel in a plant that carries water and minerals. a) Xylem b) Phloem 65) Explain the difference between dominant and recessive alleles. a) Dominant alleles will also show the characteristic b) Recessive alleles will always show the characteristic  66) What is the effect of an increase in wind speed on the rate of transpiration? a) Increase b) Decrease 67) Name the three plant organs. a) Roots, Stem & Leaves b) Roots, branch and leaves 68) Apart from wind speed and humidity name one other factor which can affect the rate of transpiration. a) Temperature b) Humidity c) Mass d) Sunlight 69) Are the cells that make up the phloem vessel living or dead? a) Living b) Dead 70) What name is given to the top layer of a leaf? a) Waxy Cuticle b) Spongy Mesophyll c) Upper Epidermis d) Lower epidermis e) Guard Cells f) Palisade mesophyll 71) Name the different components of the blood in mammals. a) Plasma, WBC & RBC b) WBC & RBC c) RBC & Plasma 72) What does the blood in mammals transport? a) Oxygen b) Carbon Dioxide 73) Name the part of the villi which absorbs fatty acids and glycerol a) Lacteal b) Blood Vessel 74) Name the chambers in a heart. a) Atrium & Ventricle b) Atrium & semilunar valves c) Bicuspid & Semi Lunar chambers 75) In what form do red blood cells transport oxygen in? a) oxygen b) Oxyhaemoglobin c) haemoglobin 76) Describe how the structure of a root hair cell helps them to carry out their function. a) Increases surface area b) Takes in more water c) is bigger 77) What type of blood is carried from the lungs into the heart? a) Oxygenated b) Deoxygenated 78) Describe the function of arteries. a) Carry blood away from the heart b) Carry blood to the heart 79) Describe the role of the pallisade mesophyll layer in a leaf. a) Contains most chloroplast for photosynthesis b) Air spaces to allow gas exchanges c) Opens/closes the stoma d) Waxy top part of the leaf 80) What is the function of valves? a) to prevent backflow of blood b) to help more blood through the body c) To make sure enough blood is kept 81) What effect do large surface area, thin walls and extensive blood supply have? a) These increase the efficiency of absorption b) Make absorption faster c) To allow more materials to be absorbed 82) Name the gas exchange organ in the body. a) Lungs b) Heart c) Head d) Mouth 83) Name the part of a villi which absorbs amino acids. a) Blood Vessel b) Lacteal

National 5 Biology Unit 2

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