Cardiac output - Stroke Volume * pulse rate of the heart (HR), what causes high BP? - BV elasticity decreasing; atherosclerosis; , What causes lower heart contractility? - low oxygen; electrolyte imbalance, what's the general steps - explain- remove - seat/stand/lay- use cuff - ..., how to position the arm - heart level, supported, palm up, inflate the cuff untill? - 30 mm hg above expected, what are the sounds - 1ist korotkoff; 2nd -whoosing sound; 3rd knocking sound; forth softer blowing; fifth sometimes, when to avoid upper arm? - breast surgery (lymph note removed); injury; have IV catheter; arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis; edema, where else can you measure? - thigh (pulse at popliteal artery), unsupported arm cause - falsely high, things affect BP - weight, caffeine, nicotine, sodium, stress, activity level, fever, pain, hypoglycemia(low bp), heart failure , what's elevated - 120-129/below80; , stage 1 - 130-139/80-90, stage II - above140/above90, hypertensive crisis - above180/above120, newborn - 64/41, intervention - lifestyle - exercise, low-sodium, stress reduce, weight loss, hypotension cause and symptoms - dehydration, blood loss, shock, and significant illness, such as sepsis; dizziness, nausea, blurred vision, increased pulse, and fatigue., hypotension intervention - fluid intake; compression stocking; change position slowly; sleep elevated head, avoid in one position for a long time,
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